Vol. 5 No. 5-6 (2020): VESTNIK of KSMA

Histology of red bone marrow taken by puncture biopsy in 28 elderly patients (cadavers) was studied. Human hematopoietic organs are the main structures of the body that perform the function of forming new blood cells.One of the most important tissues of our body is blood. It is responsible for the supply of oxygen, that is, the nutrition of all cells, organs and systems. The number of myelocaryocytes and reticulocytes was calculated on the preparations, and the number of myelograms was calculated on the smears. Cellular elements per 500 cells have a sternal punctate cell, all the sprouts of hematopoiesis are preserved. In the granulocytic germ, there is a slight rejuvenation. Megakaryocytes in su(cient quantity, the function is complete. In residents of Karabalta, it was noted that the bone marrow index of neutrophils is 0.6%, and the leukoerythroblas-tic ratio is 2.6%. The population of Cholpon-Ata is 2.2%, Naryn is 2.6% and Bishkek is 4.3%. Megakaryocytes in su(cient quantity, Mature platelets are not enough. Studies of bone marrow taken from cadaver material were conducted. Accommodation in the city Karabalta located near uranium tailings is accompanied by a disturbance of hematopoietic function of bone marrow, pattern of bone tissue and the condition of the stroma, changing the ratio of hematopoietic and adipose tissue as well as cellular composition is characterized by a diŸerent degree of pathological processes, as indicated by the indicators myelogram in karabalty in comparison with indicators of the other regions. 

The article presents the results of the treatment of foot mycosis with complicated pyoderma. In the main group of patients, combined treatment, a systemic antifungal drug 쏰uconazole, and skinzolin and ketoconazole cream for local therapy were used. At the same time, a faster resolution of the clinical manifestations of foot mycoses was noted compared with the comparison group.

The review article presents the current state of the art in the study of the etiology, pathogenesis, methods of diagnosis and treatment of abscessed and disruptive folliculitis and HoΧmann’s perifolliculitis (APPV). The clinical picture of the disease, as well as associated syndromes, are described in detail. New methods of treating APPV are presented.

The article presents the results of studying the eHectiveness of scleroplasty operations in myopia on the functional condition of the visual analyzer. In remote period after surgery, with myopia of varying degrees, there is a decrease in the size of the blind spot, and with myopia of a high degree, there is also an increase in the color sensitivity threshold. The study proves a favorable eHect of scleroplasty on the functional condition of the visual analyzer.

Progressive myopia continues to be one of the topical problems in present ophthalmology. The urgency and signi쎘cance of this problem are due to the fact that myopia is the most common pathology of refraction and often leads to disability at a young age. Objective: to study the refractive and clinical features of the treatment of patients with a high myopia. This article presents the results of treatment of the patient with a diagnosis of high myopia, complex myopic astigmatism, initial cataract OU. From the anamnesis, it is known that 44 years ago the patient underwent scleroplasty surgery on her right eye for progressive myopia, later keratotomy and penetrating keratoplasty. On the left eye the patient underwent a bandaging scleroplasty and keratoplasty. At the moment, the best visual acuity is: OD: 0,01 sph-10,0 cyl8.0 ax84 = 0,2; OS: 0.05 sph-3,50 cyl-1,75 ax90 = 0,6. According to the keratotopograms of the right eye (after keratoplasty) there is a reverse astigmatism of 5.5 diopters. The patient was subjected to standard examination methods, including visometry with the de쎘nition of both best corrected and uncorrected visual acuity, autorefractometry, tonometry on a non-contact tonometer Topcon CT-80, perimetry on the arc perimeter PRP-60, biomicroscope SL 120 Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, OST of the anterior segment of the eye on the device OCT Zeiss and surgical treatment.

Research goal is to provide the results of treatment of diabetic foot syndrome complicated by mattery-inNjammatory process using infrared laser light and regional lymphatic stimulation.The treatment of 44 patients was conducted, two groups are allotted from them: the ʮrst one is control group (18 patients), they were treated traditionally, and the second one was core (26 people), infrared light and regional lymphatic stimulation were included in treatment complex of last group. Clinical (disappearance of edema, terms of wound cleansing, appearance of granulation tissue, epithelialization, and terms of hospital treatment) and laboratory parameters (leukocytal intoxication index, bacteriologic examination of sequestered of wounds, terms of sanitation) were used in review of treatment. The best results were received from patients of core group (there were no cases of high amputation and terms of inpatient treatment decreased (from 21.8±2.12 up to 14.1±0.37 bed day)).

The results of treatment of 36 patients were analyzed, which were imposed single-row manual intestinal anastomoses, operated on in an emergency or urgent order for acute intestinal obstruction (75%), various intestinal injuries (16.7%) and mesenteric artery thrombosis (8.3%). Application of ʮbrin-collagen substance to the intestinal suture line, intra-and post-operative lymphostimulation were used to prevent the failure of intestinal anastomosis sutures, Thanks to the developed complex of measures of any case of incompetence of sutures of intestinal anastomoses has not been ʮxed. There was one case of anastomositis that was treated conservatively.

The goal is to evaluate the results of treatment and measures to prevent stress ulcers after repeated liver operations.In the examination, in addition
to general clinical methods, ultrasound was used before and after the operation, esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The results of treatment of 10 patients with stress ulcers complicated by bleeding after operation (from 208 operated, stress ulcers in 10 – 4.8%). All used hemostatic therapy (10% calcium chloride – intravenously, aminocaproic acid, freshly frozen plasma, erythrocyte mass), 3 of them died. Based on the unsatisfactory results of treatment,measures were developed for the prevention of stress ulcers, which included the following measures: irrigation of the stomach with an ozonized sodium chloride solution with an ozone concentration of 8-10 mg/ml, periodically oxygen inhalation of 20-30 minutes for the qrst 3-4 days; 20 mg per 400 ml of physiological solution of sodium chloride for 7-10 days and early enteral nutrition. Of the 102 operated patients in whom preventive measures were taken, stress ulcers occurred in one (0.9%), complicated by bleeding, which was stopped by hemostatic agents.Measures to prevent stress ulcers complicated by bleeding have reduced their frequency from 4.8 to 0.9%. 

This study presents an analysis of risk factors for the development and dynamics of changes in the prevalence of gallbladder polyps (GBP) in the Kyrgyz Republic for the period from 2009 to 2019. An analysis of 6067 people, who underwent screening of the general condition of the body, including an ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs, was carried out in the period from 2009 to 2019. To assess the prevalence of gallbladder polyps, 1779 people were randomly selected according to gender and age. Risk factors for developing gallbladder polyps were analyzed between the GBP -positive and GBP -negative groups during 2009-2011. (Period A) and 2017-2019 (Period B). The annual prevalence of gallbladder polyps over the 11-year period was 6.3%. The annual prevalence increased from 2.9% in period A to 8.5% in period B. Male gender and obesity were independent risk factors for the development of GBP in both periods. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity was a risk factor for GBP in period A but was not in period B. Risk factors for GBP development changed from HBsAg positivity to lipid abnormalities. Other variables such as age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, chronic hepatitis C virus, and liver function tests were not correlated with GBP.This study revealed a change in risk factors for development and an increase in the prevalence of gallbladder polyps in the Kyrgyz Republic, which emphasizes the relevance of this study.

Under our supervision, there were 37 children with osteoblastoclastoma aged 3 to 16 years. All children underwent surgical treatment using the method of subcortical resection of pathologically changed bone site with the replacement of the defect with autobone, followed by treatment with 1% salicylic acid.

Goal: identiȷcation of markers of damage to the hemostatic system in case of glomerulonephritis with nephritic syndrome. In retrospect, at the Department of Nephrology of the National Centre of Mother and Child Care (NCMСС), there was a selection of case histories made for the period of time from 2016 to 2020. There were 89 children with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis with nephritic syndrome monitored for the reported period. The groups were divided by etiological factors leading to the disease: group 1-children with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (38 patients, 42,7%); group 2-children with post-infectious glomerulonephritis of vague etiology (51 patients, 57,3%). There was a form compiled for each patient, and all the necessary laboratory tests were performed. The material to study was a general blood test and the coagulative blood system. The largest number of children with glomerulonephritis were identiȷed in the Chui oblast. The main etiological cause in both groups was acute respiratory viral infection. In the two examined groups with glomerulonephritis with nephritic syndrome, the blood viscosity was observed to have been on the decrease. On the part of the coagulative blood system, ȷbrinogen, prothrombin time and INR were observed to have been on the increase in half the cases. The prothrombin index in half the cases was below the normal in both groups. In connection with the obtained results, it became possible to maintain that early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this disease and its possible complications are necessary.

The article contains the results of monitoring of morbidity rate amongst inmates of correctional colonies (CC №1, 3, 8, 10, 16, 27, 47). In correctional colonies 3, 16 and 47 the high prevalence of diseases are caused by stomach diseases. 26% of inmates in colony 1 and 37% of inmates in colony 8 are suBering from diseases of the genitourinary system. Diseases of blood-forming organs are disclosed in all colonies, however this morbidity rate is much lower than the diseases of the genitourinary and stomach systems and is at the amount from 6 to 10 %. The respiratory diseases are at the least rate – form 3 to 6%. Mental disorder and drug addiction have not been found out at all in colony 16. At the same time diseases of nervous system are found out in all colonies monitored although at diBerent amount (9-24%). 

The article contains the results of monitoring of morbidity rate amongst inmates of correctional colonies (CC № 1, 3, 8, 10, 16, 27, 47). In correctional colonies 3, 16 and 47 the high prevalence of diseases are caused by stomach diseases. 26% of inmates in colony 1 and 37% of inmates in colony 8 are suŸering from diseases of the genitourinary system.Diseases of blood-forming organs are disclosed in all colonies, however this morbidity rate is much lower than the diseases of the genitourinary and stomach systems and is at the amount from 6 to 10 %. The respiratory diseases are at the least rate – form 3 to 6%. Mental disorder and drug addiction have not been found out at all in colony 16. At the same time diseases of nervous system are found out in all colonies monitored although at diŸerent amount (9-24%).

The article shows a post-operative complication of a tracheostomy that has been fatal in a speci쎘c expert example. Tactical and technical errors of the medical staӀ in the form of early extubation and deciding on the need for a tracheostomy repeated attempts to re-intubate and apply a tracheostomy, not on the endotracheal tube. As a result of such errors, blood was pumped into the lungs and subsequent aspiration of blood into the lungs.