Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): VESTNIK of KSMA

History of chair of psychiatry under Kyrgyz state medical institute has been started since 1942. Throughout history, numerous studies have carried regarding the actual aspects of psychiatry, narcology, psychology, psychotherapy, child psychiatry, psychosomatics. In the 50s, this is a study of the psychogenic of wartime. In the 60s – the in<uence of highland conditions on the course, therapy of mental disorders. In the 70-80s – the implementation of the regional program “Interdepartmental problems of narcology”. Since the 90s, the psychosomatic direction has become a priority with the study of aŸective and anxiety disorders, as well as the issues of psychotherapy, epileptology and child psychiatry. With the beginning of the new century, along with the psychosomatic trend, the study of the stigmatization phenomenon, the rational use
of psychotropic drugs, the prevention of suicidal behavior, the reform of the mental health service becomes relevant and etc.

Resume. The Goal - to conduct a comparative study of the influence of L-arginine on the manifestation of alpine adaptation at an altitude of 4100 meters above sea level in the base camp North Inylchek (Eastern Tien Shan).Materials and methods. Based on the Lake Louise scoring system, 28 people in case of high mountains disadaptation were assessed oxygen saturation, blood pressure and pulse response during 24 hours of adaptation at an altitude of 4,100 m. The main group of 16 people took aspartate L-arginine in the form of oral solution (Tivortin preparation, Yuri-Farm production, Ukraine) in a dose of 1 gram (5 ml) up to 8 times a
day. The control group was the other 12 people who did not take Tivortin.
Results: Compared to the control group, the main group of those who took L-arginine aspartate showed a faster cessation of symptoms of high mountains disadaptation and increasing of SpO2. At the same time, they have seen favorable shifts in hemodynamic parameters - lower blood pressure and lower heart rate. Tivortin was well tolerated by those who were examined.
Conclusion: Aspartate L-arginine in the form of oral solution (Tivortin) can be recommended to optimize adaptation to high mountains. It is advisable to study the effectiveness of aspartate L-arginine in acute mountain disease of varying severity.

The article describes the level of glycated hemoglobin, the average number of glycemia, the rate of diabetic ketoacidosis and impairing hypoglycemia upon using the «Aspart» with insulin pomps for 43 children and adolescents who diagnosed with D1T throughout the period between 2014 and 2016.An identical causes were noticed in non-randomized researches, that indicated with
improvements of metabolic control of disease and decreasing of variability of glycemia  through using insulin therapy in pomps.

Hemothorax is a very common consequence of chest injuries. Early detection and treatment of hemothorax is of paramount importance for the prognosis of the disease.The article describes the features of pathophysiology, hemodynamics, respiratory response, physiological resolution and late physiological response to hemothorax. The clinical manifestations of chest injuries depend on the mechanism of damage and the list of organs involved. Unlike penetrating chest injuries, the biomechanical force needed to get significant blunt damage to the chest often leads to multiple injuries, including injuries to the abdomen, head and limbs.Treatment of hemothorax is divided into periods: in the early phase, for example, with hemorrhagic shock, respiratory disorders or clotted hemothorax, and in the late phase with fibrothorax and pleural empyema. The presence of 1500 ml or more blood in the pleural cavity or the dynamic flow of more than 250 ml of blood every hour for three consecutive hours through the drainage tube are indications for surgical intervention for penetrating injuries of the chest. The decision to early eliminate residual hemothorax / blood clots with video assisted thoracoscopy significantly reduces late complications
such as empyema, fibrothorax and the need for late secondary thoracotomy. In addition, the early use of video-assisted thoracoscopy shortens the length of hospital stay compared to pleural cavity drainage or conservative treatment of hemothorax.

The proposed method of selection of patients with hypertensive stroke hemorrhage for surgical treatment is carried out according to the following criteria: according to the level of consciousness, according to the location and volume of hemorrhages in the brain, according to the level of mixing of the midline brain structures. According to the proposed method, 12 patients with hypertensive stroke hemorrhage were selected and operative treatment was carried out. All operated patients were discharged with improvement.

Minimally invasive surgery - removal of hematoma content through an opening by lavage of its cavity followed by dosed external drain - has been performed in 112 patients with chronic subdural hematomas (CSH). Out of 112 patients subjected to sparing surgery, hematoma and its cap-sule resolved within 1-3 months in 60 (53.6%). Mortality was decreased from 2.6 to 1.1%, incidence of intracra-nial complications from 35 to 7.5%. The draining shortened the hospital stay of CSH patients by 20%.

Summary. The purpose of research - Improving results of surgical management for spinal cord injury by perfecting diagnosis and surgical methods.
Material and methods: Diagnostic and management data of 102 patients with spinal cord injury searched. Methods of investigation like neurological, radiological, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the spine was done.
Results. Complications of traumatic disease of spine and spinal cord, surgical management ways have been update. The new ways for prevention and surgical management of such a complications proposed. Special device and way for surgical treatment in spinal cord injury have invented.

Summary. Taking into account the rich personal experience of conducting digital
subtraction sialography (143 patients; 425 studies), the authors presented a review of
development taking into account the modern capabilities of the method, which is of
primary importance for the diѕerential diagnosis of salivary gland diseases. Currently,
the sialography technique performed on the angiograph has lost the main disadvantages of traditional sialography and can be considered as a precision study. There are opportunities for the dissemination of positive experience, the introduction of modern methods for the study of salivary glands in the practice of other medical institutions. 

Current paper presents research of the salivary glands’ illnesses. Clinical experimental studies showed that rats with subclinical hypothyroidism had structural changes of parotid salivary glands. 25 patients with sialadenosis of parotid salivary glands and preclinical hypothyroidism had prevalence of proinﱤammatory cytokines over (IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα) anti-inﱤammatory ones. (IL-10). Therefore, it was concluded that current types of patients require comprehensive treatment approach, which should include: local treatment of sialadenosis; thyroid specialist treatment and immunologist specialist treatment.

Summary. Sjogren’s syndrome is a chronic, progressive, autoimmune disease
associated with the presence of early clinical symptoms in patients - dry mouth and
dry eyes. Diagnostic criteria for the disease have diȰerent information content, which
aȰects the correctness of the diagnosis. The aim of the study was to assess the severity
of in not the same severity of lymphocytic in2ltration when evaluated according to the
Chisholm-Mason classifcation.

Resume. The purpose of the research was to determine etiological and diagnostic immunohistochemical indices of pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands. The immunohistochemical study was conducted based on excisional biopsies of pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands in 20 patients. The analyses of the research showed that the parotid salivary gland was aƦected in most of the patients with pleomorphic adenomas. Among the viruses that were present – 16 (80%) patients had human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV type 16), and 6 (30%) patients had the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) dominating. Among the hormones, the distribution was as follows: oestrogen and progesterone in 2 (10%) cases, respectively. PLAG1 had the highest expression in the parotid salivary gland tissues – 18 (90%) cases. The analyses of the
immunohistochemical research of the etiological and diagnostic indices of pleomorphic
adenomas of the salivary glands showed the expression of 5 markers – HPV type 16, EBV, estrogen, progesterone, Plag 1. 

Summary. Xerostomy in the structure of somatic diseases is found in 48.7%, and hypersecretion of saliva in 17.5% of cases. Xerostomy has a pronounced damaging effect on oral tissue, and saliva hypersecretion is more often accompanied by halitosis phenomena.

The litholytic eȰect on the nodules of the salivary glands of the combination of citric acid (AС) and sodium salt ethylendiamintetrauxic acid (EDTA), used in urinary stone disease for the dissolution of phosphoric urolites, has been investigated. Morphological study of slices of the salivary gland removed about chronic calculus sialadenitis. The study was conducted before and after 12 hours of exposure to solutions oȰered by us in diȰerent concentrations (3%, 5%). The study in vitro- on 18 salivary stones were alternately placed in 3%, 5% solutions AС and EDTA for 10 days and weighed on electronic scales (the device Gosmeter VL-210) before and after the experiment. Data
from thе morphological study showed a lack of damaging action of 3% and 5% of АС and EDTA and their litholytic ability in all cases. Based on the results, the method of intraduct dissolution of salivary stones with using 5% of AC and EDTA solutions is considered more rational and appropriate in comparison of the earlier proposed мethodology - Russian Patent No. 2398576

Summary. This article gives the trend analysis of the main clinical and lab test values of oral cavities of HIV-infected patients with stage IVB at the age of 30-44 placed on highly active antiretroviral therapy in hospital environment. The study showed unsatisfactory oral hygiene of patients, a high prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease; the diagnosis of level 2 xerostomia (р≤0.05) is made. Results of the microcrystalline test show evidence of destructurization of mixed saliva and gross saliva dysfunction in patients placed on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Seven predictors of HIV infection associated with immune deficiency of oral cavity in patients of the primary group (р<0.05) are confirmed.