Vol. 5 No. 5-6 (2019): VESTNIK of KSMA

Summary. Short biographic data on heads of the Kyrgyz state medical academy from the date of opening are covered in this article. Authors in brief represent activity of leaders, merits in preparation of a group of highly skilled scientists, doctors and workers of health care.

Summary. Our data indicate that parasitic diseases in our republic remain at a high level. The main risk group for the incidence was children under the age of 14, averaging 70.47% of all known cases. An increase in the proportion of operated patients with alveococcosis, which is acquiring the features of an anthropurgical disease, has been observed in the repub­lic.

Annotation. The article examines the analysis of the current situation on the training and further employment of medical personnel in the context of reforming the health care system and reorganizing training programs for medical workers in the Kyrgyz Republic.

Summary. The human microbiota encompasses several thousands of fungi, eubacteria, archaea and viruses, with eubacterial cells alone totaling over 10 trillion and outnumbering our body cells 100 to 1. Next generation sequencing has allowed researchers to comprehen­ sively assess the diversity of microbial species in the human microbiota and to estimate their proportions with stunning accuracy. This has led to a breakthrough in our understanding of associations between human health and the microbiota.

Summary. The aim of the study was to analyze the genetic and demographic indicators of villagers with a single ethnic composition (village Kegety). The material was records of household books v. Kegety (2 thousand records), questionnaires filled in during the inter­ view. The calculations were carried out by standard methods.Observed: an expanded nature of reproduction, a high birth rate, but a noticeable reduction in the birth rate, a favorable sexratio. Characterized by a reduced effect of natural selection, family planning practice and birth control. A study on Alu repeats showed that the populations of the Northern region of the republic (including Kegety) are in the same cluster with other populations of the Altai language family in Siberia.

Summary. In the presented review of literary sources, the main studies on the problem of the long-term effects of radiation exposure are traced. Functional changes in the activity of the basic physiological systems, as a rule, are polysyndromic in nature, which is mani­ fested in primary functional abnormalities at the level of various physiological systems ofthe body, the development of prenosological conditions that transform with increasing dose into clinical pathology. The results of epidemiological studies obtained by observing cohorts of people exposed to various conditions allow a better understanding of the nature of the long-term medical effects, both for the irradiated individuals themselves and their descend­ants. These studies allow us to consider the main radiobiological patterns of induction (riskfactors, exposure dose threshold, form of dependence, etc.) of carcinogenic and non-cancer somatic effects. Various scientific studies in the field of radiation medicine and radiation ecology, ultimately, are aimed at minimizing the risks of radiation exposure and risk man­ agement.

Summary. The article presents the result of the study of ethiological structure of acute in­ testinal infections in adults according to the materials of Repablic clinical infections diseas­es during 2012 to 2018 years. There is a low percentage of bacteriological confirmation (10%)/. The ethiological structure presents with Escherichia colli (38%), Shigella (32,1%) and Salmonella (29,9%), and aiso shows the role of opportunistic pathogens in the occur­rence of intestinal infections. The analysis of the sensitivity of the pathogen of intestinal infections.

Resume. We studied 1000 children, 7-15 years old, from secondary school in Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic. The research revealed 16.7% of pupils had an iodine deficiency. The risk group included children from the second age group, 10 - 12 years old (58%), in which girls were 62% of the group. The main causes of the development of iodine deficiency in the Kyrgyz Republic are the rare use of seafood and iodized salt in the diet, and being female.

The authors have described results of analysis on clinical, diagnostic examinations and neu­rosurgical management of 120 consecutive patients with lumbar disc hernia complications. Patient age varied from 20 to 60 years, prevalence persons within 25-50 years, mainly men. On a great actual material was found necessity of extending operative approaches such aspartial or total hemilaminectomy to more sufficient decompression of dural sac, nerve roots and accompanying vessels.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a polygenic disease manifested by enlargement of the pros­tate gland and impaired urination. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is quite common, many researchers say about the inevitability of this condition in men, however, prostate en­largement is not always evident clinically. The majority of patients suffering from BPH have no complaints for a long time. Depending on severity of clinical manifestations, pa­ tients may be offered dynamic follow-up, medical therapy or surgical treatment. The article estimates the efficiency and safety of Prostoral remedy, as monotherapy; the comparable results of treating patients, who took another remedies.

Summary. The purpose of the work is to improve the results of surgical treatment of liver echinococcosis due to a set of measures for the prevention of inflammatory complications. Two groups were observed: the first was 122 people, the prevention included antibiotics intramuscularly and the second group of 68 patients whose prevention included treating the wound with ozonated solutions, infrared laser irradiation of the operating wound (5-6 ses­sions) and perioperative administration of antibiotics. When using antibiotics to prevent complications, they were found in 19 (15.6%), and in the second group, where a set of measures for the prevention of complications were applied - in 4 (5.9%). The inclusion of infrared laser radiation is grounded.

Summary. Presents the results of prophylactic of wound complications in 125 patients with acute appendicitis and cholecystitis. The control group of 25 people, which perform traditional prophylactic measures, the first primary-50 with the purpose of prophylactic applied 30% dimexide solution, the second
main 50-person applied 50% dimexide solution. Clinical indicators and echo morphometry of postoperative wounds were used in the assessment during the wound process. Complications in the control group were found in 6 people (24.0%), in the first main group in 7 people (14.0%), in the second main group in 2 people (4.0%). The results confirmed the expediency of using 50% dimexide solution.

Summary. The problem of stress fractures is connected with difficulties of early diagnos­ tics among militaries and absence of practical recommendations for orthopedists, surgeons. The Labour losses of the militaries with stress fractures reach six months, which negatively affects the military service. This is a topical problem of military medicine, the purpose of which is the constant maintenance of high combat readiness of troops and the possibility of returning the largest number of injured militaries. However, in the national literature the problem of traumatism, especially of stress fractures, is poorly informated among service men.

Summary. This article presents clinical case of placing implants by means of navigation surgical form made by R2Gate programme.

According to the official data of the General prosecutor’s Office of the Kyrgyz Republic, in
402 (92,4%) out 435 cases on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment the prosecutors refused to institute criminal proceedings. In 9 months of 2017 the criminal proceedings were not instigated in 287 (88,3%) out of 325 cases. The analysis of the forensic and psychiatric examinations on torture and cruel treatment cases showed the reasons why the investigating bodies rejected complaints. They are as
follows:
1. The procedures of forensic examination launch can be postponed and is depend on the will of the investigator
2. Overburden of experts; 3. Absence of persons who shall conduct the examination;
4. The absence of the full package of medical documentation (when a person was at hospital or underwent a medical treatment resulted from a physical harm (crime)), and it has to take additional time to collect the data and consequently it leads to delay of the forensic examination;
5. The lack of full information and necessary investigation materials related to the circumstances of the wound and physical harm appearance which also influence the time of forensic examination;
6. The use of «sample questions» without taking into consideration the specificity of the examination and the trauma which will further raise many additional questions.
7. Not-on-time presentation of the investigator’s decision on forensic examination conductance to the subject of the criminal process (suspect (accused person), his/her defender, crime victim, his/her representative). In case of the repetition of the forensic examination, It may lead to:
□ Forensic experts and doctors fill up the Forensic Expert’s Conclusion Forms 003-4U,
003-5U and the Medical Check Form 003-3U of low quality;
□ Not full and incorrect description of the morphology of the physical damages by doctors,
and this cannot allow to assess their heaviness and the prescription of injury;
□ Not inclusion or delayed inclusion of specialized experts to the examination process;
□ Contradictive conclusions of forensic and psychiatric examinations.

Summary. The article reports data on the frequency and structure of violent death and the impact of alcohol on the mortality rate. In particular, the data on death by drowning in 2000­ 2009 shows, that in 71 cases out of 147 (48.28%), ethyl alcohol was found in various con­centration of alcohol was identified as severe level of intoxication, in 16 cases (10.88%), to be high, in 25 cases (17%), moderate, in 19 (12.92%), mild and in 6 cases (4.08%) - impact of alcohol considered to be not significant. In 76 cases (51.7%), alcohol was not detected.

Summary. With obvious clarity and correct diagnosis of the “Open fracture of both bones of the left forearm,” district-level doctors committed tactical mistakes that led to the devel­ opment of gas gangrene. In a hospital setting of a tertiary level, tactical errors continue to be made, limiting themselves to 9 desensitizing incisions on the forearm and 4th on the front surface of the chest, if necessary, for deep decompression muscle cuts and fascias down to
the bones and the appointment of powerful antibacterial, detoxification-infusion therapy and resolution about urgent limb amputation. The order №651 Ministry of Health care from 24.08.2016 y. “On the list of diseases subject to outpatient treatment” was violated, which was expressed not by hospitalization of a pa­tient with an open fracture of both forearm bones and the imposition of a plaster splint and a recommendation to apply after a certain period, the absence of antibacterial therapy.

Abstract. This article is considered the traditional medicine of the Kyrgyz people, which has been farmed over the centuries. From ancient times, based on the traditional medicine, people used plants with healing properties; it provides information on the uses and methods of treatment of people and animals with the help of these plants.