Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019): VESTNIK of KSMA

Summary. This article presents the main problems of early diagnosis of hearing impairment in children, the need for the introduction of audiological screening of newborns and cochlear implantation in Kyrgyzstan.

Summary. The purpose of this work is to do a clinical justification of laser fiber's conductor usage under its own construction while doing laser transcanalicular dacryocystorhinostomy.

Summary. In our days anatomo-physiology role of lymphatic system in support of organism gomeostasis is a recognize by the many authors. Therefore, any rehabilitation of the organ couldn't be without morphofunction restoration by regional lymphatic torrent. Including of lymphotropic therapy in the complex treatment of patients with otogenic intracranial complications lead lowering date of staing in hospital.

Summary, to evaluate a computer tomography opportunities in diagnosis and choice of surgical approach for removal of benign tumors in maxilla-facial region. We have operated 19 patients, 12 of them through endoscopic rhinosurgery intervention. In all cases the final diagnosis was confirmed by pathomorphological verification. On the basis of computer tomography results it managed to trace a tumors extension inside of maxilla-facial region, to reveal shadow peculiarities due to benign tumors and to choose an adequate tactics of surgical treatment.

Summary: This message is dedicated to the study of problems related to the surgical technique. Even after improving its progress in head and neck surgery, it still faces challenges and difficulties during surgery and in the postoperative management of patients. These issues, as well as their solutions are discussed in this article.

Summary: In this paper, an assessment of hemodynamic parameters of the brain in patients with neoplasms of ENT organs is given. Studies have shown that surgical interventions involving ligation of the internal jugular vein in combination with the external carotid artery lead to marked changes in the hemodynamics of the brain and the development of cerebral edema in the postoperative period.

In this article we have described treatment of 56 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media. Full and particular additus blockage was found in 71% during surgical intervention. Authors developed and offered adequate surgical interventions for elimination of middle earcavity destruction depending on the level additus blockage.

Summary: Differential diagnostics of otogenic meningitis with otogenic sinus thrombosis has a practical meaning in problem as diagnostics as intracranial otogenic complications, because these diseases cause meningeal syndrome which has similar symptoms in both diseases.

Summary: A comprehensive clinical and functional study allowed us to study the features of adaptive changes in sensory organs in dynamics in the same healthy people. The results indicate an early and significant increase in the threshold of smell and taste, which should, apparently, be considered the result of the influence of a complex of factors of high mountains on the central and peripheral parts of the olfactory and taste analyzers.

Summary: The article is devoted to the diagnosis and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia of otorhinolaringologic genesis. Analysis of modern literature and examining of 68 patients with trigeminal neuralgia is carried out. This studies have confirmed the leading role of chronic inflammatory diseases of paranasal sinuses in the etiology of trigeminal neuralgia. Author gives modern methods of treatment of trigeminal neuralgia of otorhinolaringologic origin.

This article analyzes the effectiveness of complex treatment of exudative otitis media in patients with benign tumors of the nose, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx. In the main group of patients, traditional therapy was supplemented by the trans-impanal administration of the drug "Gepon". Audiological research, as well as subjective assessment data, revealed high results in patients of the main group. It was concluded that the local use of the drug "Gepon" is expedient in the complex treatment of exudative otitis media in patients with benign tumors of the nose, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the first predisposing factors for the development of acute sinusitis. 46 patients with acute sinusitis on the background of AR, aged from 5 to 18 years, were examined and treated. Conducted stepwise treatment in accordance with the severity of the disease. Initial
irrigation of the nasal cavity with saline solutions followed by the introduction of a topical intranasal corticosteroid (VIC) and, at the final stage, the use of a nasal topical antibacterial spray. By the end of the course of treatment, positive dynamics of both objective data and subjective sensations of patients have been noted.

Summary: The paper presents research data on the composition of the microflora of the pharyngeal mucosa in various forms of chronic tonsillitis and pharyngitis in children, as well as the features of the interaction of microorganisms in associations. As a result of the research, the highest sensitivity of the causative agents of these diseases was found to inhibitor-protected antibiotics

Relevance of the problem. The nasal septum deviated (NSD) is the source of the atypical vertical biomechanical thrust of the gothic arch of the palatine bone. At the same time, the greater the depth of the dome of the Gothic palate, the coarser becomes its thickness. These phenomena contribute to the occurrence of recurrent dental-jaw anomalies in 40% of cases after their orthodontic treatment. Therefore, solving the problems of reducing the bone resistance of the mid-sagittal palatine suture and eliminating its vertical thrust as a preliminary stage of surgical correction is one of the urgent problems in the daily practice of rhinologists and orthodontists. Aim of the study. Endonasal osteoplasty of the median palatal suture through the elimination of pathological vertical traction in children with a curvature of the NSD with abnormal development of the upper jaw (ADUJ). Material and methods. The study included 146 children diagnosed with NSD with ADUJ (main group). In children from 5 to 12 years old (n = 38), endonasal removal of the nasal crest (crestotomy) was performed, and in children over 13 years old (n = 108) - endonasal removal of the nasal crest and partial thinning of the median palatal suture (crestosuturotomy) during sparing septoplasty preserving the growth zones of the septum cartilage. The control group of the components of retrospectively studied case histories of 62 patients with NSD in ADUJ obtained the results of directly complex rhinological and orthodontic treatment methods. Results. The use of new methods of endonasal osteoplasty of the middle palatal suture in children of the main group helped to obtain positive results that were not registered in the control group: straightening the curved nasal septum while maintaining its vertical and sagittal length; the weakening of the bone resistance of the hard palate and the prevention of recurrence of dental-jaw anomalies after their orthodontic treatment; accelerating the rate of decrease in the height of the Gothic palate, the protraction of the upper jaw and the synchronous expansion of the upper jaw, including the nasal cavity, allowing to restore full nasal breathing; preservation of the growth zone of the cartilage of the nasal septum, normalization of the growth and development of the nasal septum; restoration of aesthetics of the face and the full integration of children in society. Findings. Endonasal osteoplasty of the median palatal suture in children with NSD with ADUJ helps to eliminate a number of drawbacks of traditional rhinological and orthodontic measures and is recommended for widespread use.

Summary: here considered the up-to-date bedside otoneurological examination of the dizzy patients with benign positional peripheral vertigo (BPPV), as the most common pathology of the vestibular analyzer. A comprehensive clinical and functional examination revealed a greater incidence of the disease in the elderly. The high efficacy of BPPV treatment in this age group has also been confirmed by using gentle maneuver such as Epley and Brandt-Daroff
exercises.

This paper presents data on the prevention of operative and postoperative bleeding with endonasal accommodations by introducing a treatment method using direct current. The method of treatment consisted of the impact of a constant electric current on the mucous membrane of nasal polyps with a
current of 20 цА for 10 minutes daily for 5 days in the preoperative period and one hour before the operation.

Summary: The results of 43 cases of unsatisfactory anatomical results after a sanitizing operation with tympanoplasty on the middle ear in patients with chronic purulent otitis media were operated on in the period from 2016 to 2018 on the basis of the Medical Center KSMA named after I.K. Akhunbaev.

Summary. The incidence of respiratory tract diseases in the adult and children of the Aral Sea region was studied according to epidemiological data. Analysis of the average annual prevalence rate of the respiratory tract of the population found that the indicator for the Kyzylorda region was lower than the republican one. In the Aral Sea area, the class of respiratory diseases in the structure of morbidity was leading, and on average for 2004-13y was 30.2%. In the dynamics of primary morbidity in the adult population, according to average long­term indicators, an increase was observed in the disaster zone by 20.3%, in children - by 16.4%. Relative risk in the adult population, in comparison with the control, is observed in zones with an excess of 1.5-1.8 times, in children - 1.4 times in the crisis zone.

Summary. In the article, the author presents data on the method of rhinosinusosurgery used - endoscopic minimally invasive microhaymorotomy, as well as the results of surgical treatment.

Summary. The article describes integrated treatment for aurical and external auditory meatus eczema that enables to achieve visible improvement in medical condition of the patients and sustained remission.

Resume: In this work was a don report about of history cases of the man with combination multiple traumas of the head and neck, the patient had been a operations for the extraction the foreign body from the face part of the head, and restoring of the face part of head. The favorable outcome of this case was facilitated by timely hospital care and correct transportation of the patient, specialized emergency care from a team of surgeons of different specializations.

Summary: This article presents a clinical case of a rare regional complication of chronic tonsillitis - purulent sialadenitis, tactics of introduction and analysis of clinical observation.

Summary: Long-lasting purulent sinusitis can turn into cystic extensions of the corresponding sinus, which, in turn, can lead to various complications, including intracranial and intraorbital ones. In this article the authors present a clinical case of the frontal and ethmoid sinuses pyomucocele complicated by phlebitis of the orbit veins.

Summary: On the example of a case report, the late detection of the maxillary sinus malignant neoplasm is presented due to the lack of a timely full-fledged diagnosis on the primary link. The most informative method of investigation is computed tomography, which provides more complete information about the boundaries of the lesion, which will allow to detect the disease in its early stages.

Summary: In this article, the authors present a clinical case of a patient with a transitional cell papilloma of the right maxillary sinus and nasal cavity with areas of malignancy, features of the course and diagnosis of this pathology.

Summary: This article analyzes the course of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) of the posterior semicircular canal on the left side, which arose after a brief reception of hashish by the 21-year-old patient with following complete cessation of vertigo attacks after the Epley maneuver conducting.

Resume: The article presents data from a retrospective research of children with liver cirrhosis, hospitalized and examined at the department of gastroenterology of The National Center of Maternity and Childhood Care during the period of 2017-2018. The analysis was carried out on a special research card of patients, where included the data of anamnesis, objective examination, laboratory and functional research.

Summary: the article presents the results of a study of 945 children of school-gymnasium №37 aged 6 to 18 years. Children were divided into 4 age groups according to the stages of bite formation of temporary and permanent teeth. Revealed: 445 people (47.09%) and extremely low level of oral hygiene with crowded teeth require orthodontic treatment.