Vol. 3 No. 3 (2020): VESTNIK of KSMA

Resume. The article presents the results of studying of sensitivity and resistance of Streptococcus
pneumonia to antibiotics, which are the causative agent of pneumococcal infections, including
bacterial meningitis. Pneumococcus was identi2ed in 32 cases of bacterial meningitis in the Republic hospital of Infectious diseases during 2017–2019 years. The sensitivity of 63 strains to Streptococcus pneumonia was evaluated. Most strains are resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, erythromycin, trimethoprim/silfamethoxazole. More than 50% of the strains remain sensitivity to cephalosporins of 3rd generation, meropenem, vancomycin, linezolid, which allows us to recommend them as the drugs of choice for treatment of pneumoccal meningitis.

Summary. An analysis of results of diagnosis using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in 63 patients with pituitary adenomas have presented. Out of the patients 57 underwent surgical excision. Methods and results of surgical interventions demonstrated.

Summary. The analyse of operative management results in 120 patients (70 – 58.3±4.9% male and 50 – 41.7±7.3% female) with neurological complications in lumbar disc hernias presented. The management outcomes depended on great number of factors thoroughly taken in consideration and studied.

The purpose of research. Improving results of surgical management for spinal cord injury by perfecting diagnosis and surgical methods. Material and methods of investigation: The data from 102 patients with spinal cord injury
presented. Neurological, radiological, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the
spine performed. The received results. In the work the peculiarities of clinical neurological displays of spinal cord
injury have been studied, comparative analysis of various diagnostic methods methods efficacy was done, the structure and ways of prevention for postoperative complications have been investigated.

Abstract. The literature review presents an analysis of modern scienti2c literature on the cause of the occurrence and pathogenesis of the adhesive process. Etiological factors have been determined that individually, or in combination, are the trigger in the development of processes leading to the
formation of adhesions in the abdominal cavity. The processes occurring in the peritoneum after surgical damage are described in detail. The mechanism of neoangiogenesis in newly formed adhesions is described in detail, schematically. The role of growth factors, cytokines, 2brinolysis in the process of adhesion formation is reflected

Abstract. The literature review presents the role of anti-adhesion barrier drugs in the prevention of adhesions in the abdominal cavity. The use of barriers di͊ers from other methods in that they themselves do not a͊ect the healing process, but potentially separate opposing surfaces during healing. Despite the fact that many experts are working on the problem of combating the formation of adhesions around the world, the question remains open, relevant and requires future study.

The Protocol of a smgle-center, parallel, four-branch randomized controlled trial provides a research plan for a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of various types of treatment for traumatic hemothorax: puncture, drainage, thoracoscopic and thoracotomy. Depending on the treatment method used to eliminate hemothorax and achieve hemostasis, all patients will be divided into 4 groups: group 1 - treatment of hemothorax will be carried out using pleural punctures; Group 2 - treatment of hemothorax will be carried out using drainage of the pleural cavity according to Bulau; 3 group - hemothorax treatment will be carried out using thoracotomy; Group 4 - treatment of hemothorax will be carried out using thoracoscopic operations. The effectiveness of conservative treatment with punctures and drainage of the pleural cavity, as well as treatment using chemical fibrinolysis, video thoracoscopy and thoracotomy, will be evaluated, and indications for these treatment methods will be determined.

Summary. In recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence of neoplasms of the salivary glands. The complexity of the anatomical structure and proximity of vital organs can lead to complications in the postoperative period. There are several modern instrumental methods for diagnosing patients with salivary gland tumors, among which the use of magnetic resonance imaging with contrast enhancement makes it possible to assess the exact location of neural and vascular structures in relation to the neoplasm.

Summary. The authors conducted 42 sialendoscopy for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the salivary glands (SG). The following indications for sialendoscopy were determined: 1. Removal of mobile saliva stones with a diameter of up to 3 mm using a wire basket, provided that the diameter
of the concretion should be less than the diameter of the duct.
2. Assessment of such features of large-caliber ducts as: the presence of a stone or its absence, concretion in the wall of the duct, the location of the stone, the presence of strictures, stenosis or salivary blood clots. At the same time, the location of the concretion by a bend in the submandibular
duct, the presence of large diameter stone (6 mm), small diameter of the natural mouth of the channel, and the presence of strictures in the channel severely limit the use of sialendoscope in the work of the practitioner.

The study used data obtained from the results of examination and treatment of more than 4,000 patients with diseases of the large salivary glands. All patients underwent high-resolution ultrasound using the standard method. The possibilities of ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of
pathology of the large salivary glands are shown. Echographic semiotics of diseases of the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual salivary glands are presented. Ultrasound diagnostics can assess the size, echogenicity, and echostructure of the parenchyma, the state of the ductal system, and the
vascularization of the salivary glands.

An analysis of 106 clinical observations of patients with sialolithiasis was performed. The study showed that endoscopy of the ducts of the large salivary glands provides unique information about both sialolith and the condition of the ductal apparatus. The data obtained determine the method of further treatment. Endosialoscopy can be used not only as a diagnostic tool, but also as an independent method for removing sialoliths or as an assistant. The possibility of endoscopic removal of sialolite depends on its mobility, size, location and condition of the duct.

Summary. The review article provides research information of the prevalence and intensity of women’s dental caries, periodontal disease of pregnant women in the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States.

Relevance. Acute non-epidemic inNjammation of the parotid salivary glandhave a diΧerent etiology and a rather diverse clinical picture. Quite often, their treatment ends with either failure or short success, which requires new, more eΧective treatment methods.Objective. To suggest and appreciate the clinical eΧectiveness of Erbisol class and traumel C drugs in the treatment of acute non-epidemic inNjammation of the parotid salivary gland.
Materials and methods. In patients with acute non-epidemic inNjammation of the parotid salivary gland, extra erbisol, erbisol and traumel C preparations were used with local (dressings and electrophoresis) and somatic administration with long treatment courses to eliminate inNjammatory
signs and normalize salivation.
Results. The proposed fragment of the treatment protocol showed the high e￮ciency of traumel C, extra erbisol and erbisol. The methods of their use are quite simple and can be used by patients on their own.                                                                                                                                             Conclusion. We consider it appropriate to oΧer the described treatment regimen to a wide professional circle and to continue a deeper scientiʮc development in this direction. 

Summary. The medical and ethnographic research of traditional medicine and use of information we obtain from the ethnic culture, as well as from, scienti㣢c researches, in the activities aimed at improving women health. Accumulated by past cultural creativity of the people tested, and mapped in
practice by many generations of people positive empirical knowledge and issues of modern obstetrics.