AIR POLLUTION AND HEALTH STATE OF THE POPULATION OF BISHKEK CITY FOR 2015-2019

Abstract

The article presents the results of an analysis of the research conducted between the incidence among residents of the city of Bishkek and indicators of atmospheric air pollution. Data on atmospheric air pollution were obtained from reports of the State Agency for Hydrometeorology (Kyrgyzhydromet), the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Kyrgyz Republic, and the Ministry of Natural Resources, Ecology and Technical Supervision. The analysis of morbidity was carried out according to the reports of the National Statistical Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic for 2015 and 2019. According to regular observations, for the period 2015–2021. average annual concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in the city of Bishkek exceeded the maximum permissible concentrations from 1.2 to 1.5 times; formaldehyde – from 2.3 to 3.7 times; particles less than 10 micrometers in size by 3 times, particles less than 2.5 micrometers in size (PM2.5) - 1.4 times. The growth of tumors may be associated with the content of formaldehyde and benzopyrene-3,4 in the air, which are carcinogens. An increase in respiratory morbidity by 32.8% is associated with exposure to nitrogen oxides, which, when combined with water vapor, form nitric acid, which destroys lung tissue, leading to chronic lung diseases. The increase in neoplasms and congenital anomalies (43%) is of particular concern, especially since there are no nuclear power plants or industrial enterprises in the city.